[Android L]关于Android L的Service启动问题，androidservice,尤其在framework

一 问题描述

Android L[Android5.X.X] 版本通过Intent隐式启动service时将会报出以下错误：

AndroidRuntime(  792): java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Service Intent must be explicit

详细信息：

01-02 07:52:44.736 D/PowerManagerService/SmartStandby(  792): sendDetectFaceIntent:com.wtk.smart.standby.DETECT_FACE_ACTION
01-02 07:52:44.738 W/ContextImpl(  792): Calling a method in the system process without a qualified user: android.app.ContextImpl.startService:1813 com.android.server.power.PowerManagerService.sendDetectFaceIntent:4155 com.android.server.power.PowerManagerService.handleDetectFaceCase:4137 com.android.server.power.PowerManagerService.access$4400:100 com.android.server.power.PowerManagerService$PowerManagerHandler.handleMessage:3306
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792): *** FATAL EXCEPTION IN SYSTEM PROCESS: PowerManagerService
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792): java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Service Intent must be explicit: Intent { act=com.wtk.smart.standby.DETECT_FACE_ACTION (has extras) }
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at android.app.ContextImpl.validateServiceIntent(ContextImpl.java:1801)
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at android.app.ContextImpl.startServiceCommon(ContextImpl.java:1830)
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at android.app.ContextImpl.startService(ContextImpl.java:1814)
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at com.android.server.power.PowerManagerService.sendDetectFaceIntent(PowerManagerService.java:4155)
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at com.android.server.power.PowerManagerService.handleDetectFaceCase(PowerManagerService.java:4137)
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at com.android.server.power.PowerManagerService.access$4400(PowerManagerService.java:100)
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at com.android.server.power.PowerManagerService$PowerManagerHandler.handleMessage(PowerManagerService.java:3306)
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:111)
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:194)
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at android.os.HandlerThread.run(HandlerThread.java:61)
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at com.android.server.ServiceThread.run(ServiceThread.java:46)
01-02 07:52:44.752 V/SettingsProvider(  792): call(global:dropbox:system_server_crash) for 0
01-02 07:52:44.753 D/SettingsProvider(  792): lookupValue table global cache.fullyMatchesDisk() dropbox:system_server_crash
01-02 07:52:44.757 V/SettingsProvider(  792): call(global:logcat_for_system_server_crash) for 0
01-02 07:52:44.757 D/SettingsProvider(  792): lookupValue table global cache.fullyMatchesDisk() logcat_for_system_server_crash

二 问题分析

A . 定位问题点

sdk\sources\android-21\android\app\ContextImpl.java

class ContextImpl extends Context {
 ......
    private void validateServiceIntent(Intent service) {
        if (service.getComponent() == null && service.getPackage() == null) {
            if (getApplicationInfo().targetSdkVersion >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
                IllegalArgumentException ex = new IllegalArgumentException(
                        "Service Intent must be explicit: " + service);
                throw ex;
            } else {
                Log.w(TAG, "Implicit intents with startService are not safe: " + service
                        + " " + Debug.getCallers(2, 3));
            }
        }
    }
 ......
}

B .分析过程

上面源码中蓝色加粗部分：service.getComponent() == null && service.getPackage() == null

表明通过intent启动service时， 需要指定Intent的ComponentName信息：intent.setComponent(xxx)，或指定Intent的setPackage("包名")，如果两者都没有指定的话将会报以上错误。尤其在framework层启动APP层的service时，如果是隐式启动service，可能会导致系统进程挂掉，出现不断重启的现象。

 

三 解决方法

参考一

    Intent intent = new Intent();
    ComponentName componentName = new ComponentName(pkgName,serviceName);
    intent.setComponent(componentName);
    context.startService(intent);

参考二

Intent mIntent = new Intent();
mIntent.setAction("XXX.XXX.XXX");//Service能够匹配的Action
mIntent.setPackage(pkgName);//应用的包名
context.startService(mIntent);

四 延伸官网

Binding to a Service
The Context.bindService() method now requires an explicit Intent, and throws an exception if given an implicit intent. To ensure your app is secure, use an explicit intent when starting or binding your Service, and do not declare intent filters for the service.
也就是说，在5.0以后不允许使用隐式Intent方式来启动Service